Friday, August 21, 2020

Short-Term Memory The Second Stage in Memory Processing Free Essays

Prologue to Psychology 101, Section 8 October 26, 2010 Short-Term Memory The transient memory is the lead to our durable recalls. Momentary memory is the second stage in the memory handling (Huffman). The transient memory is the piece of the memory that briefly stores and procedures data from the tangible memory and holds it until it chooses if the data will be sent to the third stage or long haul memory (Huffman). We will compose a custom article test on Transient Memory: The Second Stage in Memory Processing or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now The momentary memory stores a blend of perceptual investigations data (Huffman). The transient memory works in various manners to build its little limit; it utilizes practice and lumping to have the option to recollect more things without a moment's delay (Huffman). Practice is the point at which an individual rehashes data again and again to keep up it new in the memory and lumping is gathering separate snippets of data into a solitary gathering (Huffman). The momentary memory is otherwise called the â€Å"working memory† in light of the fact that it’s continually getting data from the tangible memory and sending to the drawn out memory (Huffman). I will talk about the contrast between transient memory and long haul memory, the hypothesis of rot, and the working memory. Contrast The fundamental distinction between transient memory and long haul memory is the limit that every one has. As indicated by Michael E. Martinez the two recollections cooperate an intellectual engineering or the mind’s fundamental structure. In the transient memory an individual can just think about a couple of thoughts one after another (Martinez). One of the qualities of the transient memory is that is little contrast with the drawn out memory which has a bigger limit (Martinez). Data streams between the transient memory to the drawn out memory, contingent upon the bearing and various types of reasoning outcomes (Martinez). Transient memory is the course section to long haul memory or the holding layout until the drawn out memory forms are finished (Lewis). One model the Martinez gives is when data streams from momentary memory into long haul memory it produces learning. At the point when data leaves streams from long haul memory back to momentary memory is called acknowledgment or review, which happens at whatever point we consider a formerly known certainty, individual, or occasion (Martinez). Every memory has it’s owe constraints; the momentary memory has a little limit making it difficult to consider numerous things without a moment's delay, while the drawn out memory doesn't record experience totally and precisely (Martinez). Dissimilar to the drawn out memory the transient memory has piecing, which permits the momentary memory to hold increasingly more data. The limit doesn't change however piece develops in intricacy which permits the momentary memory to deal with more information (Martinez). Rot Rot is a hypothesis that has a long history in representing overlooking (Berman, Jonides, and Lewis). This is said to happen in light of the fact that over the long haul, data in the memory dissolves and is less accessible for recovery (Berman, Jonides, and Lewis). Berman, Jonides, and Lewis present distinctive investigation to analyze if rot is a reason for overlooking. One examination that they present is the exemplary investigation of Peterson and Peterson (1959): â€Å"Consider the great investigation of Peterson and Peterson (1959), initially thought to give solid proof to rot. In this analysis, members were given a letter trigram to store, trailed by a maintenance interim that fluctuated from 3 to 18 s. During the maintenance interim, members were required to tally in reverse by threes to forestall practice of the notice. Following the maintenance interim, members reviewed the thing in memory. Peterson and Peterson found that presentation declined as maintenance interims expanded, and the creators credited this decrease to expanding rot of the memory follow with expanding time. The attribution of this impacts to rot component is, be that as it may, suspect. † The contentions that checking in reverse couldn't be a wellspring of impedance in light of the fact that their auxiliary assignment contrasted from the thing to be put away in memory (Berman, Jonides, and Lewis). In any case, the case is that tallying task requires momentary memory maintenance, which is the principle memory task (Berman, Jonides, and Lewis). Another issue in surveying the job of rot on momentary memory is the ongoing propensity of practice materials that are to hold (Berman, Jonides, and Lewis). A model that Berman, Jonides, Lewis give is the point at which we look into a telephone number in the catalog and afterward stroll to the telephone, we practice the number in our mind until it is dialed. They are attempting to think of various methods to forestall practice, to get an exact check of whether rot affects memory (Berman, Jonides, and Lewis). Working Memory Theory based research has uncovered that working memory is a framework that permits an individual to keep up task objectives, update memory to satisfy momentum needs, and to isolate memory to shape connections (Shelton, Matthews, Hill, and Gouvier). The working memory is additionally alluded to a broadly useful framework that is answerable for the dynamic errand or objective pertinent data while all the while handling other data (Unsworth, Spillers, and Brewer). The broadly useful framework incorporates: critical thinking, perusing, coordination and arranging, and the fundamental scholarly capacities, which prompts look into on the limit of the working memory (Unsworth, Spillers, and Brewer). â€Å"Beginning with Daneman and Carpenter (1980), most analysts have used complex working memory length errands in which to-be-recalled things are blended with some handling movement. For nstance, in the perusing range task members endeavor to recall words or letters while perusing and understanding sentences. These undertakings can be diverged from straightforward memory range errands in which TBR things are introduced with no extra preparing exercises. The mind boggling range undertakings pleasantly catch the possibility that the of handling and capacity are expected to completely comprehend the substance of working memory and tap its ability. Moreover, these errands can be utilized to evaluate an individual’s working memory limit and look at the relationship between's this limit and other significant intellectual capacities (Unsworth, Spillers, and Brewer). The conceivable that the perplexing range undertakings don't document by and large assets capacities yet rather that the preparing task uproots things from the working memory (Unsworth, Spillers, and Brewer). Additionally as per the undertaking exchanging view, an individual may put a thing in the working memory, and a quick exchanging instrument is expected to revive the thing before it is lost because of rot (Unsworth, Spillers, and Brewer). The quicker the data can be finished and switch back to rotting portrayals, the better the general execution will be (Unsworth, S pillers, and Brewer). There is likewise a distinction in the measure of limit from individual to individual (Unsworth, Spillers, and Brewer). There are two segments that people may contrast on: first part is the need to effectively keep up data over the present moment and the second is the need to recover data that couldn't be effectively keep up because of countless approaching things (Unsworth, Spillers, and Brewer). The transient memory has it’s riddles because of the measure of data that one can keep and pass on. One thing is without a doubt is that without it we won't realize what data are pertinent for one to keep or rot. Presently one can comprehend the relationship and distinction between present moment and long haul memory, the hypothesis of rot, and why the momentary memory is the working memory. References Berman, M. , Jonides, J. , Lewis, R. (2009). Looking for rot in verbal momentary memory. Diary of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition,35(2), 317-333. doi:10. 1037/a0014873. Recovered from Academic Search Premier database. Huffman, K. (2010). Memory,(9th ed. Brain science in real life. (242-275) Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons, Inc. Lewis, D. (1979). Psychobiology of dynamic and dormant memory. Mental Bulletin,â 86(5), 1054-1083. doi:10. 1037/0033-2909. 86. 5. 1054. Recovered from Academic Search Premier database. Martinez, M. (2010). Human Memory The Basics. Phi Delta Kappan,â 91(8), 62-65. Recovered from Academic Search Premier database. Shelton, J. , Elliott, E. , Matthews, R. , Hill, B. , Gouvier, W. (2010). The connections of working memory, optional memory, and general liquid intelligence: Working memory is uncommon. Diary of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition,â 36(3), 813-820. doi:10. 1037/a0019046. Recovered from Academ ic Search Premier database. Unsworth, N. , Spillers, G. , Brewer, G. (2010). The commitments of essential and auxiliary memory to working memory limit: An individual contrasts examination of quick free review. Diary of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition,â 36(1), 240-247. doi:10. 1037/a0017739. Recovered from Academic Search Premier database. The most effective method to refer to Short-Term Memory: The Second Stage in Memory Processing, Papers

Sunday, July 12, 2020

8 Proven Exercises that Boost Your Mental Strength

8 Proven Exercises that Boost Your Mental Strength “Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.” â€" Ralph Waldo EmersonThe above quote is a great example of the power of mental strength.It highlights what a strong mind can do â€" help you achieve great things â€" and the limits of simple enthusiasm â€" willpower is a fleeting thing.Success, more often than not, is built on sweat and tears.Yet, it’s so easy and tempting to give up at times. To be faced with adversity and just lift your hands in the air.So, how do you stop yourself from doing that?Can you exercise your mental strength and become more resilient?The short answer is ‘yes’ and in this post, I’ll provide you eight proven exercises that boost your mental strength.WHY EXERCISE YOUR MENTAL STRENGTH IN THE FIRST PLACE?It’s obvious why you should go to the gym, but what is this talk about strengthening your mental resolve?You might think I’m trying to convince you of some weird, ‘alternative facts’.We’ve all seen the self-help guides that don’t a dd any value to anything.I get it â€" but you really ought to stick with me on this one.What is mental strength?Picture a mentally strong person. Whether you imagine a real person or just think about the characteristics of a strong person, you are most likely thinking about qualities like resilience and perseverance.This is exactly what mental strength is all about â€" the ability to remain calm and composed under pressure.When a disaster strikes, mental strength helps you look beyond the disappointment and tears, quickly helping you to move forward.Mental strength means you aren’t stifled still in the face of adversity.You can think of mental strength as your companion. That one friend who sticks by you in good and bad times telling you to keep moving and pushing forward. It’s the inner voice of respect, trust and confidence.The benefits of having a strong mindWhy does this resilience matter? Can’t you just curl up under blankets and cry until the bad stuff goes away?Well, as you probably know, the real world doesn’t work like that â€" indeed, the quote from the movie Rocky is a perfect illustration of why resilience and mental strength matters: Source: the Crederly websiteLife is not going to always go your way. The key is being able to trust your inner voice that tells you don’t need to worry about the bad times.You don’t need to be afraid of failure or sadness â€" you have the mindset to move beyond this, to find the silver lining and keep going forward.Inc. listed three of the most important benefits of a strong mind. According to the post, a resilient attitude and mental strength will guarantee you:Feel more satisfied with what you have â€" your focus is on the present, not in the past or the future. You aren’t consumed by the ‘what could have been’ or ‘what should have been’, but you value what you have at that very moment.Perform better â€" since disappointments won’t get you down and you have self-belief, you perform to a higher standard. You have confidence and resilience.Are in control of your life and the things you want to do â€" you have a better understanding of what you want to achieve and the tools to keep moving towards it. You don’t let outside events paralyze you because you are aware of the things you can control and the things you can’t.Strong mind gives you the tools to navigate the world â€" the ugly and the beautiful side of it.It gives you self-confidence, resilience and self-worth. Mental strength is essentially knowledge and knowledge is power.You aren’t second-guessing, you know you have things to fall back on and you have experience in your corner to prove the world is not going to end when the tough times happen.THE EXERCISES YOU NEED TO ADOPTThe good news is you aren’t stuck with the mental strength you currently have.You can train your body to run 10 miles instead of 5 and you can enhance your mental strength to stay strong in situations it used to feel frail.If you want to become more resilient, focused and perhaps even happier, adopt these eight exercises.Begin meditating for 10 minutes a dayStart by enhancing your ability to focus. The scientif ically proven way to improve your focus and therefore your ability to have more willpower is through meditation.Research to the benefits of meditation and mental health is overwhelmingly positive.In fact, it’s nearly impossible to find a study saying meditation is negative for you. It isn’t even just the positive impact on your mental strength â€" studies have shown meditation to be beneficial for your physical health as well.Meditating can provide you with more energy, which is useful for your mental strength as well. When you have energy, you are more able to make good decisions and have the mental and physical strength to keep moving forward.Perhaps the most convincing argument for adding the exercise to your repertoire is the convenience of it.A 2008 study showed 10-minute daily meditation to be able to reduce stress.In addition to feeling less stressed, the participants were also more forgiving towards their fellow peers.If you learn to forgive, you can move on quicker and the quicker you do this the less you’ll fret over things and stifle yourself with negative emotions.Getting started with meditation is not difficult. You can find plenty of good apps to guide you through and you can learn a basic meditation from the video with Nayaswami Maria: Stop wasting energy on things you can’t controlYou can also build mental strength by becoming better at picking your fights.All of the world’s problems are not yours to solve and frankly, you can’t control all of them even if you wanted.If you are able to make a distinction between things you can control and things you can’t, you can ensure your willpower is not wasted on the latter.The truth is you will face troubling times and you will probably have a few nights where you can’t sleep. But you shouldn’t lose sleep over things you can’t solve.The exercise is simple.When things start bothering you and when you find yourself worrying about things, stop to think what is your role in terms of the s olution.Is the issue something you can actually solve?If so, how?For instance, you might be fretting over your big garden party coming up this weekend and you’ll start feeling the panic over the weather forecast.They say it’s going to rain and you can’t stop thinking about it. Now, consider this:Can you stop the rain from happening? No, so you shouldn’t waste energy on feeling sorry for yourself and the guests if it rains.Can you ensure you don’t need to party in the rain? Yes, you can have a Plan B in place.What is the Plan B? The solution could be to simply rearrange the party or organize it inside the house.So, when a problem or negative feeling/event occurs in your life follow the pattern: Can you control it? If not, stop thinking about it and if yes, focus on the solution.Replace negative thoughts with productive thoughtsSimilarly to the above exercise of cutting thoughts on things that aren’t under your control, you also need to start replacing negative thoughts wi th productive thoughts.Having to organize your garden party indoors can be a bummer, but it’s just a negative way of viewing it.A more productive way is to think how to turn it into a success indoors â€" focusing your energy on making use of things instead of just complaining about them.We all fall to negative thinking â€" we do it because it’s easy.It’s so much easier to sit grumpily at the train station’s café and whine about the delays than going out to figure an alternative route.Next time you notice a negative thought â€" no matter what it is about â€" replace it with a productive one. If you catch yourself thinking:“Oh, I can’t get this project right”Change your thought to:“OK I might not finish the project in time, but I can put a lot of effort in getting the facts right. Here’s how I’ll do it.”Notice how productive thinking doesn’t mean you become unrealistic. You don’t need to replace negative thoughts with wishful thinking â€" “oh it’s going to rain” shouldn’t become an “I know it’s not going to rain”.Let’s say, for example, you’re not that bright when it comes to maths. Constantly focusing your energy in thinking how you’re not good at it is not going to help you.So, what the point of saying “I’m so bad at maths” â€" it’s just an excuse.You’d rather focus on a solution or a realistic evaluation of yourself and the situation. For example, you should think:“I’m not the best with numbers, but if I practice a bit every day, I can improve.”“So, I might not be the best at maths, but I can use my great researching skills to solve these math-related problems”Focus on the motivation behind actionsIt can be helpful to your willpower if you start paying more attention to the motivation behind your actions.If you view things only through the lens of “I have to do this”, you can start finding these things more boring and even depressing.Consider this â€" if you wake up in the morning thinking “I have to go to work”, it doesn’t make getting to work seem appealing.You almost decide to find it annoying, boring and you resort to feeling defeated about it.If you, on the other hand, wake up thinking about the motivation or the ‘why’ of going to work, your whole dialogue might be different and more positive. “I go to work to finance my dream trip around the world” or “I go to work to move one step closer to my dream of becoming a CEO” sounds much more appetizing.The exercise of viewing your motivations through actions â€" whether it is solving problems or getting through a difficult event â€" can guarantee you stay focused on the big picture.You understand your actions have consequences and it’s up to you to make them good. It reminds you of the things that really matter â€" your sense of helping others feel more loved or your desire to be a better person. The exercise of finding the motivator gives you the extra kick to soldier through.Overall, your abilit y to be more mindful about your decisions â€" even the automatic ones â€" can help improve your willpower.So, don’t just make decisions but take more time to think what are the reasons that lead to this.In terms of your automatic decisions, start paying more attention to them and occasionally mix them up.So, when you are about to add milk to your coffee, think about why you do it?Questioning your actions, even these automatic and non-important ones will help you focus more and become better at analyzing a specific situation.If you occasionally change your habits around â€" drinking your coffee black or with almond milk â€" you can further ensure you understand your reasoning and you learn that change is not always bad.Start tracking your spending and dietYou can also start improving your mental strength by keeping a closer eye on what you put on your plate and how you spend your money.Research has found that the act of food journaling to boost willpower.Quite simply, the act of ha ving to write down everything you ate takes a bit of guts. You first need to take the time to write it down, but you also need to be more mindful of what you eat.Not to mention that writing down your food consumption makes you face your decisions and perhaps learn to accept your dietary mistakes and mishaps.Interestingly, there’s another way food journaling can help your mental strength. Tracking food can lead to healthier food choices and better health gives you more energy and resilience.You shouldn’t just focus on tracking your food either. Staying on top of your spending can also boost your focus and willpower.Just like with food, you become more aware of your habits.Knowing you need to write down the additional coffee you bought on your way home can make you stop for a second and re-think the viability of your decision.If you had to track your spending â€" all of it â€" for a week, you probably would spend differently, right?The fact you need to write something down; to rev iew your spending decision is enough to help you spend more time thinking about the action and whether it is the right decision to make.Therefore, the exercise is to start keeping a daily food journal and tracking your finances. You can find apps for both purposes â€" MyFitnessPal is great for tracking food and apps like Mint and PocketGuard can be used for staying on top of your spending.If you find apps stressful or inconvenient, you can use the old-fashioned pen and paper technique.Simply jot down the things you eat and buy everyday and keep taking note of the unhealthy or unhelpful habits you might have.Set deadlinesNo one really likes deadlines. Yet these timely reminders that tell us we need to get our act together can help build resilience, focus and willpower.Although not a recommended tactic to use, think about the times you had a big deadline coming up and you spend the previous 24 hours just working like nuts?It’s amazing how much focus and willpower you can sometimes m uster just because someone told you they need a report done by six.You should use the knowledge of the benefits of a deadline to your advantage.Research has found that even self-imposed deadlines can work in adding focus to your activities. Setting deadlines will give your tasks more structure and make it harder to keep saying, “Oh, I’ll do it tomorrow”.The structure can then help you organize â€" become better at knowing which tasks require attention know and how much you are able to get done on a specific day.It’ll help you be more mentally resilient because you have focus and the tools to prioritize and accomplish times accordingly.Start creating self-imposed deadlines with your To Do-list. Instead of simply listing things you must do, add a deadline to them as well. The video by Successful by Design has great tips on how to set deadlines you can actually stick to: Get used to feeling uncomfortableWhat tests your mental strength the most?If you start analyzing it, the rea sons often relate to new experiences or situations we don’t often encounter.It’s the unexpected that can cause stress and have things go opposite to want we wanted to can push our minds into chaos.Furthermore, it’s so easy to stay in the comfort zone.To do the things we know we are good at doing and stick to things we know.Why risk a holiday in Mexico if I know Argentina gives me everything I want? Yet, an easy way of building mental strength is limiting the events that we’ve not experienced.Stepping out of the comfort zone, trying things that are unusual and putting yourself in uncomfortable positions.This makes these unwanted feelings seem less strange â€" if you get through the stress of being in a job interview once, the next one won’t be quite as bad.Start by placing yourself in unusual, perhaps unwanted and uncomfortable situations, more regularly. Go gently, testing the waters with feelings that don’t cause as much stress as some others. Try a new food item every week or watch a movie that is totally out of your comfort zone.You can even read a book you don’t find interesting. If you plough through an experience like this, you get the confidence to know you can do it.You can then start stepping further away from your comfort zone, experiencing emotions that are not pleasant.Go to a poem citing to speak in front of a long of people, join a language learning course or launch your own website.Reflect on your progressYou can also boost your mental strength by reflecting on your progress.When people start a weight-loss journey or a fitness regime, they tend to monitor how well they are doing. They measure the weight, they keep track of how far and fast they can run, or the weights they can lift.This can help them notice the change and feel more motivated to stick with what they are doing.Similarly, you should monitor your improvement in mental strength and resilience.As you embark on the journey, take the following steps and make these exercise s the core of what you do:Write down your goals. What do you want to improve? What are the specific situations or things you want to change?List the exercises you’ll start practicing with.Monitor your progress in the goal areas once a week:Write down any improvements you’ve noticed and think of examples where this became evident.Consider if there are things you’ve noticed have gotten worse or new things you want to work on.Keep track of the exercises you have found the most helpful, those you tend to stick with and those you don’t, and any exercises that are clearly not working as intended.FINAL THOUGHTSMental strength can be trained just like your muscles. You can use the above exercises to become more resilient â€" to be able to control your emotions and to respond to changes in a more constructive and positive manner.The above exercises are great for teaching you focus and to boost your willpower.However, just like with training your muscles, you must also understand your mental strength won’t improve overnight. It takes time and effort to get your mind to where you want it to be.It won’t always be easy or pleasant. You will encounter times when you don’t want to go through with the exercise or you don’t feel any progress.Understanding these feelings are natural, yet fleeting moments in time, will help you move forward and stick to your training.Indeed, knowing this is one of the signs your mental strength is already improving!

Wednesday, May 20, 2020

How to Study for Objective Test Questions

Objective test questions are those that require a specific answer. An objective question usually has only one potential correct answer (although there may be some room for answers that are close), and they leave no room for  opinion. Objective test questions differ from subjective test questions, which have more than one potential correct answer and sometimes have room for a justified opinion. Objective test questions may be constructed as a list of possible answers, requiring the students to recognize the correct one from the list. These questions include matching, true/false, and multiple choice. Other  objective test questions, like fill-in-the-blank questions, require that the student recall the correct answer from memory. How to Study for Objective Questions Objective questions with short, specific answers require memorization. Flashcards are a helpful tool for this process. However, students should not stop with memorizing terms and definitions, as memorization is only the first step. As a student, you must gain a deeper understanding of each term or concept in order to understand why some potential multiple choice answers are  incorrect. Imagine that you need to know the effects of the Emancipation Proclamation for your history test. To succeed on the test, It is not enough to remember what the proclamation  did  accomplish. You must also consider what this executive order  did not  do. For example, you should know that the proclamation was  not  a law and that its impact was limited. This knowledge will help you predict which  wrong  answers might be presented on the test and will enable you to outsmart any trick questions. Because you should go beyond memorizing answers for your test terms, you should team up  with a study partner  and  create your own  multiple choice practice test. Each of you should write out one right and several wrong answers. Then, you should discuss why each potential answer is correct or incorrect. Tackling Objective Test Questions Ideally, you have studied hard and you know all the answers. Realistically, however, there will be some questions that you find a little tricky. Sometimes, a multiple choice question will have two answers that you can’t quite decide between. Don’t be afraid to skip these questions and answer the ones you feel most confident about first. That way, you know what questions you need to spend a little more time on. The same goes for matching style tests. Eliminate all the options you know are wrong and mark out the answers youve already used. This process will make the remaining answers a little easier to identify.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Diversity Of Student Populations - 907 Words

The diversity of student populations in American schools is continuously growing. The article by Brant (2013) discusses the importance of the ways teachers and teacher educators act towards multicultural education. The study discussed pre service social studies teachers’ understanding of multicultural education. The study was based on of the ten themes of standards by the National Curriculum for Social Studies. Sixty-nine pre service teachers from a university completed a survey to rate how they understood various multicultural education terms and their self-efficacy towards working with diverse students and families (Brant, 2013). The survey resulted in a range of answers about teachers’ beliefs and practices towards diversity in the classroom. Most of the pre service teachers reported understanding and about student’s diversity. Brant (2013) reported that eighty-two percent of respondents believed multicultural education means being an advocate for diversity a nd identified as an ally for a group of diverse people. The article also explained the importance of secondary social studies teacher integrating multicultural content into their instruction during class time (Brant, 2013). It is critical for all teachers to be knowledgeable and aware of diversity in students, but it is extremely crucial for social studies teachers to stress the importance of multicultural education in their instruction. Social studies classes should make students more responsible members ofShow MoreRelatedDiversity And The Changing Population Of Higher Educational Students997 Words   |  4 Pagesof Academic Affairs as a whole and specifically the faculty at higher educational institutions in the U.S. The final reading looked at white privilege which was a great additional reading to last weeks that focused on diversity and the changing population of higher educational students. The article The Academic Life Small World, Different Worlds written by Burton Clark discusses faculty at a more micro level with recognizing that while faculty members have many similarities like common values and experiencesRead MoreCompetency, The, And The Diversity Of The Student Population And Provides Instruction That Is Appropriate For All890 Words   |  4 PagesCompetency 2: The teacher is aware of the diversity of the student population and provides instruction that is appropriate for all students. 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In the past 100 years nursing has not be very diverse, it has been suggested that this is due to a less than desirable worldview and the expectation that nursing students adapt to Eurocentric standards (Bleich, MacWilliams Schmidt, 2014). Today, attention and importance of a more diverse nursing workforceRead MoreTexas Schools and DIversity Essay1641 Words   |  7 Pageslarge ethnic distribution of students. Specifically, African American students made up 14.3% of the overall student population; the Hispanic student population was 47.2%; and 34.8% of the student population was White. The smallest groups represented included Native American and Asian/Pacific Islanders with Native American students and teachers representing only 0.3% of students (Texas Education Agency, 2009). According to demographic projections, minority populations are expected to increase significantlyRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School Essay1739 Words   |  7 Pagesvery distinct categories that students are a part of: â€Å"Hispanic† and â€Å"everyone else†. Over the past decade the school district has seen a dramatic increase in the number of Hispanic students that are being enrolled in our district. There have been numerous attempts to help meet the needs of our Hispanic students, most of them are English Language Learners (ELL), and while there has been progress made, there is much more that our school could be doing for these students. Data from state test results

Planning and Media Law the Case of Masson V New Yorker Magazine

Question: Discuss about the Planning and Media Law Case of Masson V New Yorker Magazine. Answer: The case of Masson V New Yorker Magazine, dealt with a situation where the issue is whether readers assume words inside the quotations used in book, newspaper or magazine[1]. The question here arises whether the speaker meant the exact words he wrote in the books, newspaper and magazines. As per the facts of the case, the Petitioner, Masson was fired after delivering a speech on the projects of the Sigmund Freud Archives. Thereafter he had given several interviews with the contributor to the respondent magazine[2]. Malcolm who took the interview, used quotation marks for enclosing the long passages, which were basically the general statements of Masson and his boss. Thereafter, once this case was held up in the Court, as per the rule oflaw the Judge stated that a deliberate alteration of words does not associate with the knowledge of falsity, until the outcomes of alteration in a material change conveyed some other meaning in the statement. Therefore, New Yorker Magazine published an article that provided the evidence of the purported quotes that interpreted the summaries of other subjects. It can be stated that an intentional alteration proved to be an actual malice since the quotation marks of the passage consisted of inaccuracies and defamatory statements. However, the judges decision was in favor of Masson by stating that publishing a knowing or reckless falsehood will result in holding an individual guilty of actual malice if a libel suit has its outcome from the quotation. People can be misquoted. References: Dorf, Michael C., and Sidney Tarrow. "Stings and Scams:Fake News,the First Amendment, and the New Activist Journalism." (2017). Katz, Tamar. "Anecdotal History: the New Yorker, Joseph Mitchell, and Literary Journalism."American Literary History27.3 (2015): 461-486. [1] Katz, Tamar. "Anecdotal History: the New Yorker, Joseph Mitchell, and Literary Journalism."American Literary History27.3 (2015): 461-486. [2] Dorf, Michael C., and Sidney Tarrow. "Stings and Scams:Fake News,the First Amendment, and the New Activist Journalism.and law" (2017).

Thursday, April 23, 2020

Kim Campbell, Canadas First Female Prime Minister, Rose Quickly In Her

Kim Campbell, Canada's first female Prime Minister, rose quickly in her political standings reaching, what she would find to be the height of her career only seven years after entering politics. It appeared like the loss of the 1993 election and the all around destruction of the Progressive Conservative party was completely Kim Campbell's fault however actually was a joint effort by Brian Mulroney and Kim Campbell. Kim Campbell rose so quickly in her political status that she did not have the experience that most of the others MPs had at her level. The Tories were finishing their second term in power and the people of Canada were displeased with Brain Mulroney by the time of his resignation. Kim Campbell was voted in as Prime Minister by her party and was not elected by the people of Canada. During the 1993 election Kim Campbell had an American company make a commercial that mocked Liberal party leader Jean Chr?tien's physical disability. Kim Campbell's first entered politics in 1986 . She first won a provincial seat in Vancouver and in 1988 she won her bid for the House of Commons. She had many good ideas, one of them being the USA-Canada Free Trade Agreement. This part of her campaign was recognized by Brian Mulroney who was the current Prime Minister. In 1989 Mulroney appointed Kim Campbell to the position of Minister of State for Indian and Northern Affairs. Later, in 1990 she was appointed Minister of Justice and a year later became the Minister of Defence. Just two years after becoming Minister of Defence and 7 years after entering politics, she ran for leader of the Progressive Conservative party and became Brian Mulroney's successor. Kim Campbell inexperience in the world of politics gave her a huge disadvantage when things started to go wrong. Brain Mulroney and the Tories had been in power for two terms, a total of 9 years. The Canadians had become tired of Brian Mulroney and his Progressive Conservative government, so when it was announced that he would resign most Canadians were happy to see him go. However his resignation did mean the end of the Progressive Conservatives power in Canada. Canadians unhappy with what the Progressive Conservatives had done chose to elect an other party. When Brain Mulroney resigned there was, in place of a federal election, a leadership convention. The Tories just had to elect a new leader who would then become the Prime Minister. This meant that Kim Campbell was not the choice of Canada but instead the choice of the Progressive Conservative party. So when it came time, 3 months later, for an election Canada not only went with a different leader but an entirely different party. The Liberal party was elected to power and leaving the Progressive Conservative party was left with only two seats. Canadians were not pleased with the Tories no matter who their leader was, this dissatisfaction caused the worst loss in Canadian history. It was in the 1993 federal election that Kim Campbell found she was behind in the poles and made a decision that destroyed her party. She chose to have an American Company make a commercial that made fun of Liberal party leader Jean Chr?tien's physical disability, Bell's palsy. This disease paralyzes on side of the face, where the muscles on the right side of his mouth were paralized The Canadian people responded to this commercial by giving him sympathy and Kim Campbell and the Tories suffered because of it. "Campbell's problematic performance in the campaign,...and her inability to distance herself from the extremely unpopular Brian Mulroney propelled the party from defeat to disaster."1 The problem started before she took on the leadership, Brian Molruney's nine years in power was too much for Canadians so that when Brian Molruney resigned it would have been difficult to make the PC party more popular. Kim Campbell's inexperience in politics was the reason she made the commercial about Jean Chr?tien and lost her the 1993 election. After the works of Mulroney and Campbell were finished there was not much left of the Progressive Consecrative Party of Canada. "It was wiped out completely, even in its traditional stronghold of Alberta."2 So when the facts are taken into